Jasz
VIP Contributor
Imperfect competition is the opposite of perfect competition. In a market with imperfect competition, there are several firms, each with its own market share, that have some control over the prices they charge and the quantities they produce. A firm's demand curve is downward-sloping because if it lowers its prices to entice customers away from competitors, it will lose money on every sale — but it may make up for this loss by selling more units at the lower price.
There are two main types of imperfect competition: monopolies and oligopolies. Most industries fall somewhere in between perfect and imperfect competition; they are either monopolistically competitive or oligopolistic.
Monopolistic Competition
Monopolistic competition is when there are many firms selling similar products but each firm has some control over their pricing decisions due to differences in brand identity or quality. As a result, each firm faces a downward-sloping demand curve rather than an upward-sloping one as in perfect competition.
The key characteristics of monopolistic competition include:
A large number of sellers who sell differentiated goods (goods that cannot be easily substituted for others). For example, there may be several car manufacturers but each manufacturer has its own unique brand image and reputation; therefore, customers will only buy a preferred brand.
There are two main types of imperfect competition: monopolies and oligopolies. Most industries fall somewhere in between perfect and imperfect competition; they are either monopolistically competitive or oligopolistic.
Monopolistic Competition
Monopolistic competition is when there are many firms selling similar products but each firm has some control over their pricing decisions due to differences in brand identity or quality. As a result, each firm faces a downward-sloping demand curve rather than an upward-sloping one as in perfect competition.
The key characteristics of monopolistic competition include:
A large number of sellers who sell differentiated goods (goods that cannot be easily substituted for others). For example, there may be several car manufacturers but each manufacturer has its own unique brand image and reputation; therefore, customers will only buy a preferred brand.