Theoretical models for global entrepreneurism

Global entrepreneurship is a field of study that examines the phenomenon of entrepreneurship on a global scale. This can include entrepreneurs who start and grow businesses in multiple countries, as well as those who identify opportunities to create value in global supply chains or markets.

There are a number of different theoretical models that have been proposed to explain global entrepreneurship. One popular framework is the GEM model, developed by researchers at the University of Texas at Austin. This model identifies three different types of global entrepreneurs:

1. Opportunity-driven entrepreneurs, who identify and exploit global opportunities;

2. Necessity-driven entrepreneurs, who start businesses in response to local needs or market deficiencies;

3. Resource-driven entrepreneurs, who mobilise resources from multiple countries to create new businesses.

Another theoretical model is the Global Entrepreneurial Orientation model, developed by researchers at INSEAD. This model emphasises the importance of a global mindset and orientation in predicting entrepreneurial success. The model has five dimensions:

1. Proactiveness, or the willingness to identify and seize opportunities;

2. Risk-taking, or the willingness to take on risks in pursuit of opportunities;

3. Innovativeness, or the ability to generate new ideas and approaches;

4. Autonomy, or the ability to act independently and make decisions;

5. Competitive aggressiveness, or the desire to be the best in the market.

Both of these models offer valuable insights into the phenomenon of global entrepreneurship. However, it is important to remember that there is no single formula for success. Global entrepreneurs come from a variety of backgrounds and have a variety of different skillsets.
 
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